First, solar cells
1. Information identification on solar cells
Since the production line for producing solar cells can produce about 20,000 sheets per day, for the same batch, the product on the same production line is directly printed in the production process, which facilitates the management of future product quality problems so that it can find out Which production line, which day and which team produced solar cells have problems. In view of the above reasons, there is an urgent need to find a printing technology, which is marked on the solar cell during the production process. If this information is randomly marked on the production line, it is currently only done in ink jet printing because:
1 Because solar cells obtain energy through surface lighting, it is necessary to keep the light receiving area as large as possible. Therefore, in the process of marking information on solar cells, it is required that the marked information occupy the area of ​​the surface of the solar cell as small as possible, and approximately 4 or so digital information are marked in a distance of 2 to 3 mm, such as a date, a production batch, and the like.
2 It is required that the marked information can be continuously changed along with the changes of the information that needs to be recorded, so that it can be directly controlled by a computer system.
3 In addition to the above two requirements, it is also required that the speed of labeling information be coordinated with the production speed of solar cells to realize production on the assembly line.
4 For the printed logo, it is also required that the solar cell be sintered at a high temperature of 800°C, and the logo is easily discernible by the instrument.
5 The color material used for identifying information on the solar cell is preferably the silver paste for printing the electrode wire in the production process. If the silver paste particle size is suitable, it can be used.
2. New printing method for electrode lines of solar cells
The screen printing that is used at present all belongs to contact printing, need certain printing pressure to be able to print the electrode wire that we need. As the solar cell technology continues to increase, its thickness continues to decrease. If this traditional screen printing method is still used, there is a possibility that the solar cell will be crushed in the production process. This is a matter of product quality. Not guaranteed. Therefore, we are required to find a new printing method. Without printing pressure, we can meet the requirements of electrode lines of solar cells without touching.
Electrode line requirements: In a 15cm x 15cm square area, many electrode lines are ejected, and these electrode lines are required to have a fineness of 90 μm and a height of 20 μm, and have a certain cross-sectional area to ensure the current flow. In addition, it is required to complete the printing of one solar cell electrode wire in one second.
Second, inkjet printing technology
1. Inkjet printing
There are more than 20 kinds of inkjet printing methods. The basic principle is to generate small ink droplets first, and then guide them to the set position, which can be roughly classified into continuous type and intermittent type. The so-called continuous inkjet, regardless of imprinted or non-imprinted, the droplets are generated in a continuous manner, and then the non-printed ink droplets are recovered or dispersed; while the intermittent inkjet only produces ink droplets in the imprinted portion. .
1 continuous inkjet printing
After the offset ink ink is ejected, vibrated, and decomposed into small ink droplets after being pressurized, after the electric field is applied, the small ink droplets fly directly in front of the electric field, whether charged or not, due to electrostatic effects. When the electromagnetic field is deviated from the electromagnetic field, the ink droplet with a large charge will be attracted more strongly, thus twisting a larger amplitude; otherwise, the deflection will be smaller. Uncharged ink droplets will be collected in the ink collecting channel.
Printing with ink droplets that do not deviate is very similar to the above-mentioned one. The only difference is that the offset charge is recovered and instead of offset charges, the imprint is formed straight away.
Unnecessary ink drop charge splitting ink flow is still pressurized from the nozzle, but the tube hole is more slender, its diameter is about 10 ~ 15μm. The ink droplets that are fine enough to be ejected from the orifice of the tube will be automatically broken down into tiny droplets. These tiny droplets will then pass through the charging ring of the same electrode. Since these ink droplets are quite small, the ink droplets of these charges will be split into mist again because of the repulsion of same-sex charges. At this time, they lose their directivity and cannot be printed. Conversely, ink with no charge will not be split to form an imprint, which can be used as continuous tone printing.
2 intermittent inkjet printing.
Pull it with static electricity. Due to electrostatic attraction and ink jetting, the ink at the injection hole will form a convex half-moon, and then juxtaposed with an electrode plate, the surface tension of the protruding ink will be damaged by the high voltage on the parallel electrode plate. Therefore, the ink droplets are drawn by electrostatic force. The ink droplets are electrostatically charged and can be deflected vertically or horizontally to the set position or recycled on the mask.
Hot bubble jet. Instantly heat the ink to expand the gas in the vicinity of the resistor, and a small amount of ink will turn into steam. The ink will be pushed out of the nozzle and let it fly to the surface of the paper to form an imprint. After the ink droplets are ejected, the temperature is then reduced, so that the temperature inside the ink cartridge is also rapidly reduced, and the ink is then pulled back into the ink cartridge by capillary principle.
2. Application of inkjet printing
As inkjet printing is a non-contact, pressureless, non-printing digital printing method, it has unparalleled advantages over traditional printing. It has nothing to do with the material and shape of the substrate. In addition to paper and printing plates, it can also use metal, ceramic, glass, silk, textiles, etc., with strong adaptability. At the same time, inkjet printing does not require film, baking, imposition, printing and other processes, and has been widely used in the printing field.
3. Ink control in ink jet printing
In inkjet printing, in order to ensure the results, the parameters of the printing ink must be controlled more appropriately. The conditions for controlling the printing are as follows.
1 In order not to block the inkjet head, a 0.2 μm filter must be passed.
2 Sodium chloride content must be less than 100ppm. Sodium chloride causes the dye to settle, and sodium chloride is corrosive, especially in bubble jet systems where it can easily corrode the nozzle. Although the nozzles are all made of titanium, they are still corroded by sodium chloride at high temperatures.
3 viscosity control 1 ~ 5cp (1cp = 1 × 10-3Pa · S), micro piezoelectric inkjet system viscosity requirements are higher, bubble jet system viscosity requirements are lower.
4 surface tension 30 ~ 60dyne/cm (1dyne = 1 × 10-5N), micro piezoelectric inkjet system surface tension requirements are lower, bubble jet system surface tension requirements are higher.
5 The drying speed should be just right. It is easy to plug the inkjet head or break the ink too quickly. It is too slow to diffuse, and the dot overlaps seriously.
6 stability, the thermal stability of the dye used in the bubble jet system is better because the ink of the bubble jet system is heated to a high temperature of 400°C, and if the dye cannot resist high temperature, it will decompose or discolor.
In order to reduce costs, manufacturers of solar cells are required to use increasingly thinner silicon wafers. If traditional screen printing is used, the wafers will be crushed under pressure. The inkjet printing technology belongs to pressureless printing. The speed of production can be increased by increasing the number of inkjet heads. In the near future, inkjet printing technology will certainly develop better in this area.
1. Information identification on solar cells
Since the production line for producing solar cells can produce about 20,000 sheets per day, for the same batch, the product on the same production line is directly printed in the production process, which facilitates the management of future product quality problems so that it can find out Which production line, which day and which team produced solar cells have problems. In view of the above reasons, there is an urgent need to find a printing technology, which is marked on the solar cell during the production process. If this information is randomly marked on the production line, it is currently only done in ink jet printing because:
1 Because solar cells obtain energy through surface lighting, it is necessary to keep the light receiving area as large as possible. Therefore, in the process of marking information on solar cells, it is required that the marked information occupy the area of ​​the surface of the solar cell as small as possible, and approximately 4 or so digital information are marked in a distance of 2 to 3 mm, such as a date, a production batch, and the like.
2 It is required that the marked information can be continuously changed along with the changes of the information that needs to be recorded, so that it can be directly controlled by a computer system.
3 In addition to the above two requirements, it is also required that the speed of labeling information be coordinated with the production speed of solar cells to realize production on the assembly line.
4 For the printed logo, it is also required that the solar cell be sintered at a high temperature of 800°C, and the logo is easily discernible by the instrument.
5 The color material used for identifying information on the solar cell is preferably the silver paste for printing the electrode wire in the production process. If the silver paste particle size is suitable, it can be used.
2. New printing method for electrode lines of solar cells
The screen printing that is used at present all belongs to contact printing, need certain printing pressure to be able to print the electrode wire that we need. As the solar cell technology continues to increase, its thickness continues to decrease. If this traditional screen printing method is still used, there is a possibility that the solar cell will be crushed in the production process. This is a matter of product quality. Not guaranteed. Therefore, we are required to find a new printing method. Without printing pressure, we can meet the requirements of electrode lines of solar cells without touching.
Electrode line requirements: In a 15cm x 15cm square area, many electrode lines are ejected, and these electrode lines are required to have a fineness of 90 μm and a height of 20 μm, and have a certain cross-sectional area to ensure the current flow. In addition, it is required to complete the printing of one solar cell electrode wire in one second.
Second, inkjet printing technology
1. Inkjet printing
There are more than 20 kinds of inkjet printing methods. The basic principle is to generate small ink droplets first, and then guide them to the set position, which can be roughly classified into continuous type and intermittent type. The so-called continuous inkjet, regardless of imprinted or non-imprinted, the droplets are generated in a continuous manner, and then the non-printed ink droplets are recovered or dispersed; while the intermittent inkjet only produces ink droplets in the imprinted portion. .
1 continuous inkjet printing
After the offset ink ink is ejected, vibrated, and decomposed into small ink droplets after being pressurized, after the electric field is applied, the small ink droplets fly directly in front of the electric field, whether charged or not, due to electrostatic effects. When the electromagnetic field is deviated from the electromagnetic field, the ink droplet with a large charge will be attracted more strongly, thus twisting a larger amplitude; otherwise, the deflection will be smaller. Uncharged ink droplets will be collected in the ink collecting channel.
Printing with ink droplets that do not deviate is very similar to the above-mentioned one. The only difference is that the offset charge is recovered and instead of offset charges, the imprint is formed straight away.
Unnecessary ink drop charge splitting ink flow is still pressurized from the nozzle, but the tube hole is more slender, its diameter is about 10 ~ 15μm. The ink droplets that are fine enough to be ejected from the orifice of the tube will be automatically broken down into tiny droplets. These tiny droplets will then pass through the charging ring of the same electrode. Since these ink droplets are quite small, the ink droplets of these charges will be split into mist again because of the repulsion of same-sex charges. At this time, they lose their directivity and cannot be printed. Conversely, ink with no charge will not be split to form an imprint, which can be used as continuous tone printing.
2 intermittent inkjet printing.
Pull it with static electricity. Due to electrostatic attraction and ink jetting, the ink at the injection hole will form a convex half-moon, and then juxtaposed with an electrode plate, the surface tension of the protruding ink will be damaged by the high voltage on the parallel electrode plate. Therefore, the ink droplets are drawn by electrostatic force. The ink droplets are electrostatically charged and can be deflected vertically or horizontally to the set position or recycled on the mask.
Hot bubble jet. Instantly heat the ink to expand the gas in the vicinity of the resistor, and a small amount of ink will turn into steam. The ink will be pushed out of the nozzle and let it fly to the surface of the paper to form an imprint. After the ink droplets are ejected, the temperature is then reduced, so that the temperature inside the ink cartridge is also rapidly reduced, and the ink is then pulled back into the ink cartridge by capillary principle.
2. Application of inkjet printing
As inkjet printing is a non-contact, pressureless, non-printing digital printing method, it has unparalleled advantages over traditional printing. It has nothing to do with the material and shape of the substrate. In addition to paper and printing plates, it can also use metal, ceramic, glass, silk, textiles, etc., with strong adaptability. At the same time, inkjet printing does not require film, baking, imposition, printing and other processes, and has been widely used in the printing field.
3. Ink control in ink jet printing
In inkjet printing, in order to ensure the results, the parameters of the printing ink must be controlled more appropriately. The conditions for controlling the printing are as follows.
1 In order not to block the inkjet head, a 0.2 μm filter must be passed.
2 Sodium chloride content must be less than 100ppm. Sodium chloride causes the dye to settle, and sodium chloride is corrosive, especially in bubble jet systems where it can easily corrode the nozzle. Although the nozzles are all made of titanium, they are still corroded by sodium chloride at high temperatures.
3 viscosity control 1 ~ 5cp (1cp = 1 × 10-3Pa · S), micro piezoelectric inkjet system viscosity requirements are higher, bubble jet system viscosity requirements are lower.
4 surface tension 30 ~ 60dyne/cm (1dyne = 1 × 10-5N), micro piezoelectric inkjet system surface tension requirements are lower, bubble jet system surface tension requirements are higher.
5 The drying speed should be just right. It is easy to plug the inkjet head or break the ink too quickly. It is too slow to diffuse, and the dot overlaps seriously.
6 stability, the thermal stability of the dye used in the bubble jet system is better because the ink of the bubble jet system is heated to a high temperature of 400°C, and if the dye cannot resist high temperature, it will decompose or discolor.
In order to reduce costs, manufacturers of solar cells are required to use increasingly thinner silicon wafers. If traditional screen printing is used, the wafers will be crushed under pressure. The inkjet printing technology belongs to pressureless printing. The speed of production can be increased by increasing the number of inkjet heads. In the near future, inkjet printing technology will certainly develop better in this area.
Beard Care,Skin Care Set,Hair Pomade Wax,Beard Care Kit
Guangzhou Yilong Cosmetics Co., Ltd. , https://www.skinmelao.com