I. The Inevitable Choice for China's Economic Development The history of the world economic development tells us that whether it is a developed country or an emerging industrial country, their economic development is achieved through international exchanges. Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) is an important opportunity for China's economic development and international economic integration. It will enable China to make full use of international economic and technological conditions and promote China's rapid economic development. The relevant experts pointed out that the accession to the WTO has positive significance for China in the following aspects:
1. To help regulate the expansion of China's export market. The WTO consists of 134 countries and regions. Accession to the WTO means entering the markets of these countries. Only bilateral consultations take place in the event of a trade dispute. Without China’s accession to the WTO, China’s economic and trade relations with other countries were mainly opened up and maintained through bilateral agreements. The cost of this form of economic and trade relations is high and unstable.
2. The principles of the most-favored nation and national treatment of the WTO have at least economically ensured the mutual equality of all member states. Therefore, accession to the WTO means more preferential treatment for China.
3. Can participate in the formulation of new rules in the WTO and international trade, and strengthen the participation of developing countries and regions in decision-making.
4. Provide sufficient pressure for China's economic reforms and the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises and industries.
The WTO is known as the United Nations in the economic field. Its establishment and effectiveness will affect the international economy in the 21st century. Entering into the WTO is an inevitable choice for China's economic development. Any country that wants to enter the international economic cycle must join the WTO.
Second, the grim situation facing the printing industry After joining the WTO, China has placed itself in the big pattern of the international economy. We are moving toward the world, and the world is calling us to go. Our country’s economy will have unprecedented opportunities for development and it will also face enormous challenges.
Then, what impact will China's printing industry have on the accession to the WTO?
Article 25 of the Regulations on the Printing Industry Enacted and Implemented in China in 1997 clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to establish various types of printing enterprises wholly owned by foreign investors. As the printing industry is a special industry, such regulations are necessary. At the same time, the effect of this regulation on the healthy development of China's printing industry cannot be underestimated. Then, is it true that China's printing industry can be reluctant to sit back and relax?
First of all, since China has a large number of cheap laborers and it is also known as the world's largest market, investors in all walks of life in the international community will inevitably increase. Therefore, there will be a large number of goods that need to be packaged, and a large number of sample specifications and documents need to be printed. The printing industry is a processing service that does not own fixed products and does dowries for other industries. If our printing quality is not high and the prices are relatively expensive and cannot be in line with international standards, then it is a breeze for customers to print to the foreign countries through the Internet. In this way, foreign printing companies stand outside the country's doors and can easily take over the domestic printing market.
Second, from the current situation of China's printing industry, many of the equipment are outdated, production technology is backward, economic efficiency is low, and some even have serious losses. In the central and western regions, this phenomenon is very common. After joining the WTO, with the smooth development of the information superhighway, under the impact of high technology in developed countries, the original printing market of domestic printing enterprises may be lost in a large amount, and the situation of the printing industry will be even more difficult.
According to the relevant information, it is confirmed that the giants of the international printing industry, Donnelly and Dainippon, have established bridgeheads in China; the internationally renowned printing companies such as Golden Light, United, and Huihao have entered the Chinese market.
Now, there are still many Hong Kong businessmen, Taiwanese businessmen and foreign businessmen going to Shanghai and other places to seek opportunities to set up printing companies.
In short, if we are not careful, the new printing market will be preempted and the original printing market will be lost. This is the grim situation facing China's printing industry after China's accession to the WTO.
Third, the recent macro-opportunity opportunity? Challenge yeah?
We believe that as long as we do not miss the opportunity, seize the opportunity, target the international market, formulate correct strategic measures, adopt positive countermeasures, and seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, we will certainly be able to win the competition in the future.
1. Actively use the exception clauses of the GATT to control the import of printed materials. After entering the WTO, while enjoying the most favored nation treatment, we must also assume our obligations to provide most-favoured-nation treatment to other countries. In this way, foreign prints will tend to go straight into the country and have a big impact on Tibetan milk. ......
2. Take the number limit. The General Agreement provides that when a State Party commits a situation or assumes the obligations of the General Agreement, the quantity of a product imported into the territory of that State Party will increase significantly. The same product or direct competition with the product in this territory In the event of serious damage or serious threat to the domestic producers, the country may temporarily suspend the implementation of its obligations to the above products for the extent and duration necessary to prevent or correct such damage. In the specific implementation, the Chinese government can seriously analyze and study the provisions of the General Agreement on preferential treatment for developing countries, and properly use quantitative restrictions to protect the domestic printing market.
3. Use legal means. This is a method that many foreign governments have to protect the development of their industries. For example, Japan has established the Electronic Industry Promotion Law, the specific electrical industry, and the specific machinery industry promotion law. Brazil enacted a software law in December 1987 to protect the computer industry. The printing industry regulations promulgated and implemented by the Chinese government in 1997 also objectively protected the printing industry. It is suggested that on the basis of analysis and research, combined with China's actual situation, we should supplement some of the funds that protect and promote the healthy development of China's printing industry.
4. Take the survival of the fittest. First of all, taking advantage of leading enterprises, giving strong support in terms of policies, and strengthening the economic and technological strength of such enterprises, the best of them will be the first to participate in international competition. Secondly, using the market mechanism to eliminate a group of printing enterprises that have neither technical or management advantages nor prospects for development; to make full use of laws and regulations, and resolutely ban certain printing companies that do not meet the conditions for setting up factories.
5. Accelerate the pace of establishing a modern enterprise system. The state-owned printing enterprises in our country, like other enterprises, have undergone various forms of reforms such as decentralization of rights and interests, contracting systems, and transformation of business mechanisms since 1978. Although these reforms have also played a role, they have failed to fundamentally Changing the state-owned enterprises still makes it difficult for state-owned enterprises to get out of the predicament. The modern enterprise system is a general term for various forms of corporate property organization that meet the requirements of the market economy. The basic form of the modern enterprise system is the modern company system. The main body of the modern company is the joint-stock company. The sole proprietorship company is a special form. (To be continued)
1. To help regulate the expansion of China's export market. The WTO consists of 134 countries and regions. Accession to the WTO means entering the markets of these countries. Only bilateral consultations take place in the event of a trade dispute. Without China’s accession to the WTO, China’s economic and trade relations with other countries were mainly opened up and maintained through bilateral agreements. The cost of this form of economic and trade relations is high and unstable.
2. The principles of the most-favored nation and national treatment of the WTO have at least economically ensured the mutual equality of all member states. Therefore, accession to the WTO means more preferential treatment for China.
3. Can participate in the formulation of new rules in the WTO and international trade, and strengthen the participation of developing countries and regions in decision-making.
4. Provide sufficient pressure for China's economic reforms and the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises and industries.
The WTO is known as the United Nations in the economic field. Its establishment and effectiveness will affect the international economy in the 21st century. Entering into the WTO is an inevitable choice for China's economic development. Any country that wants to enter the international economic cycle must join the WTO.
Second, the grim situation facing the printing industry After joining the WTO, China has placed itself in the big pattern of the international economy. We are moving toward the world, and the world is calling us to go. Our country’s economy will have unprecedented opportunities for development and it will also face enormous challenges.
Then, what impact will China's printing industry have on the accession to the WTO?
Article 25 of the Regulations on the Printing Industry Enacted and Implemented in China in 1997 clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to establish various types of printing enterprises wholly owned by foreign investors. As the printing industry is a special industry, such regulations are necessary. At the same time, the effect of this regulation on the healthy development of China's printing industry cannot be underestimated. Then, is it true that China's printing industry can be reluctant to sit back and relax?
First of all, since China has a large number of cheap laborers and it is also known as the world's largest market, investors in all walks of life in the international community will inevitably increase. Therefore, there will be a large number of goods that need to be packaged, and a large number of sample specifications and documents need to be printed. The printing industry is a processing service that does not own fixed products and does dowries for other industries. If our printing quality is not high and the prices are relatively expensive and cannot be in line with international standards, then it is a breeze for customers to print to the foreign countries through the Internet. In this way, foreign printing companies stand outside the country's doors and can easily take over the domestic printing market.
Second, from the current situation of China's printing industry, many of the equipment are outdated, production technology is backward, economic efficiency is low, and some even have serious losses. In the central and western regions, this phenomenon is very common. After joining the WTO, with the smooth development of the information superhighway, under the impact of high technology in developed countries, the original printing market of domestic printing enterprises may be lost in a large amount, and the situation of the printing industry will be even more difficult.
According to the relevant information, it is confirmed that the giants of the international printing industry, Donnelly and Dainippon, have established bridgeheads in China; the internationally renowned printing companies such as Golden Light, United, and Huihao have entered the Chinese market.
Now, there are still many Hong Kong businessmen, Taiwanese businessmen and foreign businessmen going to Shanghai and other places to seek opportunities to set up printing companies.
In short, if we are not careful, the new printing market will be preempted and the original printing market will be lost. This is the grim situation facing China's printing industry after China's accession to the WTO.
Third, the recent macro-opportunity opportunity? Challenge yeah?
We believe that as long as we do not miss the opportunity, seize the opportunity, target the international market, formulate correct strategic measures, adopt positive countermeasures, and seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, we will certainly be able to win the competition in the future.
1. Actively use the exception clauses of the GATT to control the import of printed materials. After entering the WTO, while enjoying the most favored nation treatment, we must also assume our obligations to provide most-favoured-nation treatment to other countries. In this way, foreign prints will tend to go straight into the country and have a big impact on Tibetan milk. ......
2. Take the number limit. The General Agreement provides that when a State Party commits a situation or assumes the obligations of the General Agreement, the quantity of a product imported into the territory of that State Party will increase significantly. The same product or direct competition with the product in this territory In the event of serious damage or serious threat to the domestic producers, the country may temporarily suspend the implementation of its obligations to the above products for the extent and duration necessary to prevent or correct such damage. In the specific implementation, the Chinese government can seriously analyze and study the provisions of the General Agreement on preferential treatment for developing countries, and properly use quantitative restrictions to protect the domestic printing market.
3. Use legal means. This is a method that many foreign governments have to protect the development of their industries. For example, Japan has established the Electronic Industry Promotion Law, the specific electrical industry, and the specific machinery industry promotion law. Brazil enacted a software law in December 1987 to protect the computer industry. The printing industry regulations promulgated and implemented by the Chinese government in 1997 also objectively protected the printing industry. It is suggested that on the basis of analysis and research, combined with China's actual situation, we should supplement some of the funds that protect and promote the healthy development of China's printing industry.
4. Take the survival of the fittest. First of all, taking advantage of leading enterprises, giving strong support in terms of policies, and strengthening the economic and technological strength of such enterprises, the best of them will be the first to participate in international competition. Secondly, using the market mechanism to eliminate a group of printing enterprises that have neither technical or management advantages nor prospects for development; to make full use of laws and regulations, and resolutely ban certain printing companies that do not meet the conditions for setting up factories.
5. Accelerate the pace of establishing a modern enterprise system. The state-owned printing enterprises in our country, like other enterprises, have undergone various forms of reforms such as decentralization of rights and interests, contracting systems, and transformation of business mechanisms since 1978. Although these reforms have also played a role, they have failed to fundamentally Changing the state-owned enterprises still makes it difficult for state-owned enterprises to get out of the predicament. The modern enterprise system is a general term for various forms of corporate property organization that meet the requirements of the market economy. The basic form of the modern enterprise system is the modern company system. The main body of the modern company is the joint-stock company. The sole proprietorship company is a special form. (To be continued)
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