Ink blending is also called ink blending or ink blending, which is to adjust the printing suitability of the ink in the printing process, or use the color subtractive method to prepare the ink of the desired hue with the three primary colors of ink. Link. The proper preparation of ink directly affects the quality of printed matter. In this article, the author will share with you the basic principles and several practices of ink formulation.
Basic principles of ink preparation
1. Dark and light print
Dark and light printing refers to the preparation of the required ink to be slightly darker than the color of the color sample. When printing, the amount of ink is intentionally reduced to meet the color sample requirements. This is because the hue of the ink is greatly affected by the thickness of the ink layer. When printing with the same ink, the hue displayed will also change when the thickness of the ink layer changes. Especially when printing with the offset printing process, it is limited by the offset printing process. The ink layer should be thin and not thick.
2. Use as few colors as possible
According to the subtractive color method of colorants, the more color types used when formulating the ink, the darker the color of the prepared ink. Therefore, it is necessary to use as few color materials as possible to maintain the brightness of the ink color. In addition, make good use of black ink and white ink. In any ink, adding black ink will darken the ink color, and adding white ink will reduce the saturation of the ink color.
3. Grasp the change of hue before and after the ink is dried
The hue of the same ink before and after drying is very different, especially screen printing ink. For example, when a light gray ink is prepared, the color of the color sample scraped when it is just adjusted is in line with the requirements of the original color sample, but after the ink is dried, its color becomes significantly darker. Other colors of ink will have a similar situation.
In order to avoid this situation, the color sample should be scraped first when preparing the ink. After the color sample ink is dried, the color sample is compared with the original color sample to prevent the situation that the color of the ink meets the color sample before drying and the color is out of shape after drying. Loss caused by color mismatch.
4. Dominant
When preparing any kind of ink, the primary color must be determined according to the primary color sample, and then the primary color is used as the main color, and the secondary color is added until the color meets the requirements of the primary color sample. If light gray ink is used, white ink should be the main component, and a small amount of black ink should be added to form light gray ink. If dark gray ink is used, black ink should be used as the main component, and a small amount of white ink should be added to form dark gray ink. In actual work, according to the specific situation, carefully analyze the composition of the ink color of the original color sample, determine the main and auxiliary relationship of the ink, and make the deployment according to the principle of "mainly more".
Several methods of ink preparation
1. Adjustment of ink printing suitability
Fluidity and drying speed are the two main properties of ink, and special attention should be paid to the preparation of ink.
(1) Ink flow
Different substrates have different requirements for ink fluidity. For example, a primary color ink, when printed on double-coated paper, its fluidity meets the printing requirements, and when printed on double-coated paper, it is necessary to increase the fluidity of the ink to suit the printability of double-coated paper. In general, substrates with a smooth surface and poor penetration ability require low fluidity of the printing ink, while substrates with a rough surface and strong penetration ability require high fluidity of the printing ink.
(2) Drying speed of ink
The drying of ordinary ink is mainly achieved through three forms of volatilization, penetration and surface oxidation conjunctiva, all of which are affected by the temperature and humidity of the printing environment. Therefore, when adjusting the drying speed of the ink, it is necessary to fully consider the temperature and humidity changes in the printing environment.
2. The allocation of gold ink and spot color ink
Gold ink and spot color inks are two special inks, and the preparation method is different from ordinary inks, so special attention is needed.
(1) The deployment of gold ink
â‘ The deployment of offset printing ink
Offset gold ink is divided into cyan gold and red light gold. Under normal circumstances, offset gold ink does not need to be mixed, and can be printed directly with the original ink. If you need to change the color of the offset gold ink, you can add a small amount of other colors of ink to change the hue of the offset gold ink, but does not affect the printability of the offset gold ink. For example, the color of cyan gold is not bright enough after printing, and the printed matter looks dull and dull. If a small amount of yellow ink is added to cyan gold, the brightness of cyan gold can be increased. It is worth noting that the amount of other color ink must be small, otherwise it is easy to adjust to fake gold ink and lose the color that gold ink should have.
â‘¡The deployment of screen printing gold ink
There are many varieties of screen-printed gold ink, with greater selectivity. Under normal circumstances, directly select the primary color screen printing gold ink. When the hue of the screen printing gold ink needs to be fine-tuned, a small amount of ink of the desired hue can be added to the primary color screen printing gold ink, but the color selection must be appropriate. If the required ink color is light gold, silver ink can be added to the primary color screen printing gold ink, or white ink can be added, but the addition of white ink to the gold ink will give people a "fake gold" feeling, so It is best not to use white ink. In addition to the above methods, gold inks of different hues can also be formulated using gold oil and silver powder.
(2) The deployment of spot color ink
When performing spot color proofing or spot color printing, the ink adjuster needs to adjust the spot color ink based on years of experience. If the leveling technique of the ink adjuster is not enough, it will result in the wrong brightness of the adjusted ink or after the ink is printed on the machine, it will be found that the hue is wrong and needs to be re-adjusted. Also, because spot color inks have a large dryness change on offset paper, and the change value of spot color inks of different colors is very different, we need to continue to adjust on the basis of the original, and explore the dryness change rule, so we It is necessary to fully understand the deployment technology of spot color ink to prevent unnecessary troubles such as quality accidents, waste of ink, repeated labor of workers, and delays in construction due to experience alone.
3. Make good use of computer color matching system
After understanding the basic principles of ink blending, in order to complete the printing of products with extremely high color requirements, it is necessary to use an advanced computer color matching system for color matching to meet customer acceptance standards. Today, customers no longer judge whether a printed product is qualified by the naked eye, but according to the Lab standard value of a given color block or color bar, and require that the color difference value range does not exceed ± 1.5. Obviously, the customer's acceptance requirements cannot be satisfied by the experience of the master, but must use professional instruments to measure the color blocks or color bars of the printed matter, so the data of the ink formula and the automation of the ink color matching must be achieved.
Printing companies need to choose a computer color matching system that meets product requirements based on their own business characteristics. This article takes X-Rite color matching software as an example to introduce the actual usage of computer color matching system. Generally, companies will refine commonly used inks, including ink colors mainly yellow, magenta, cyan, black, green, orange, dark blue, magenta, etc. According to the experimental data, the ink with small dry change and good stability is selected as the composition of the color matching ink. After receiving the customer's request for the color sample color, first use the X-Rite spectrophotometer to input the measured paper color into the color matching system, and then enter the standard value into the color matching system. The system will automatically analyze and obtain several sets of color matching schemes. According to the color scheme given by the system, the color samples are presented on the substrate with the aid of a colorimeter, and then the Lab value is measured and adjusted within the standard color difference range. After the result is qualified, the ink is mixed according to the obtained formula for batch proofing in actual production.
Because there is a certain gap between the printing color presented by the color developing instrument and the printing color obtained in actual production, the ink adjuster will measure the Lab value of the color block or color bar actually produced by the equipment, and find out the change rule and reuse The computer color matching system performs complementary color correction, and then puts on the machine for production. After passing the test, the color matching data is stored for later recall in mass production.
In short, when distributing inks, operators not only need to gradually explore the method and experience of distributing inks in practice, but also use advanced instruments and equipment, which can not only improve production efficiency, but also bring economic benefits to enterprises.
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